Lab 14. RIP Split Horizon


Split horizon adalah suatu metoda untuk menghindari routing loops, mekanismenya dengan menolak mengirim route kembali melalui interface tempat route tersebut diterima. 

Tujuan Lab :
  • Mempelajari mengapa split horizon harus didisable pada RIP frame relay

Topologi Lab :






Metode Lab :
  • Buat seperti topologi di atas
  • Konfigurasikan frame relay dengan DLCI sesuai di atas
  • Konfigurasikan RIP Routing
  • Disable Split Horizon
Verifikasi Lab :
  • Periksa apakah IP Loopback Router R2 dapar di Ping dari Router R3 dan sebaliknya

Konfigurasi Router Frame Relay Switch (FRSW)


frame-relay switching

!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay
 clock rate 2000000
 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 102 interface Serial0/1 201
 frame-relay route 103 interface Serial0/2 301
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay
 clock rate 2000000
 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 201 interface Serial0/0 102
!
interface Serial0/2
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay
 clock rate 2000000
 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 301 interface Serial0/0 103


Konfigurasi Router R1

interface Loopback0
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay
 clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/0.123 multipoint
 ip address 123.123.123.1 255.255.255.0
 no ip split-horizon
 snmp trap link-status
 frame-relay map ip 123.123.123.3 103 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 123.123.123.2 102 broadcast
!
router rip
 version 2
 network 0.0.0.0
 no auto-summary


Konfigurasi Router R2

interface Loopback0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 123.123.123.2 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay
 clock rate 2000000
 frame-relay map ip 123.123.123.1 201 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 123.123.123.3 201
!
router rip
 version 2
 network 0.0.0.0
 no auto-summary
!


Konfigurasi Router R3

interface Loopback0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 123.123.123.3 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay
 clock rate 2000000
 frame-relay map ip 123.123.123.2 301
 frame-relay map ip 123.123.123.1 301 broadcast
!
router rip
 version 2
 network 0.0.0.0
 no auto-summary
!


Cek Mapping, Tabel Routing dan Tes Ping

Router R1

R1#sh frame-relay map
Serial0/0.123 (up): ip 123.123.123.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
              broadcast,
              CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/0.123 (up): ip 123.123.123.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,
              broadcast,
              CISCO, status defined, active

R1#sh ip route rip
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       2.2.2.2 [120/1] via 123.123.123.2, 00:00:15, Serial0/0.123
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       3.3.3.3 [120/1] via 123.123.123.3, 00:00:12, Serial0/0.123

R1#ping 2.2.2.2

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/35/92 ms

R1#ping 3.3.3.3

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/44/120 ms


Router R2

R2#sh frame-relay map
Serial0/0 (up): ip 123.123.123.1 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,
              broadcast,
              CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/0 (up): ip 123.123.123.3 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,
              CISCO, status defined, active

R2#sh ip route rip
     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 123.123.123.1, 00:00:13, Serial0/0

> Loopback0 Router R3 tidak muncul

R2#ping 1.1.1.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/71/112 ms

R2#ping 3.3.3.3

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....

Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)


Router R3

R3#sh frame-relay map
Serial0/0 (up): ip 123.123.123.2 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), static,
              CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/0 (up): ip 123.123.123.1 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), static,
              broadcast,
              CISCO, status defined, active

R3#sh ip route rip
     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 123.123.123.1, 00:00:26, Serial0/0

> Loopback0 Router R2 tidak muncul

R3#ping 1.1.1.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/27/72 ms

R3#ping 2.2.2.2

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....

Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)


Router R2 tidak dapat ping ke Lo0 Router R3, begitupun sebaliknya. Mengapa? karena tidak terdapat dalam routing tabel, walaupun sudah diadvertise dalam RIP


Cek Split Horizon

Router R1

R1#sh ip int s0/0.123
Serial0/0.123 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet address is 123.123.123.1/24
  Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
  Address determined by non-volatile memory
  MTU is 1500 bytes
  Helper address is not set
  Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
  Multicast reserved groups joined: 224.0.0.9
  Outgoing access list is not set
  Inbound  access list is not set
  Proxy ARP is enabled
  Local Proxy ARP is disabled
  Security level is default
  Split horizon is enabled


Router R2

R2#sh ip int s0/0 | include Split
  Split horizon is disabled


Router R3

R3#sh ip int s0/0 | include Split
  Split horizon is disabled

Seperti kita lihat pada Router R1, IP Split Horizon dalam status enable, sehingga mekanisme split horizon menyebabkan Loopback0 Router R2 tidak dikenali oleh Router R3 dan begitupun sebaliknya Loopback0 Router R3 tidak dikenali oleh Router R2.


Menonaktifkan Split Horizon

R1(config)#int s0/0.123
R1(config-subif)#no ip split-horizon
R1(config-subif)#do clear ip route *


Cek kembali tabel routing pada Router R2 dan R3, kemudian tes ping

R2#sh ip route rip
     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 123.123.123.1, 00:00:13, Serial0/0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       3.3.3.3 [120/2] via 123.123.123.3, 00:00:13, Serial0/0

R2#ping 1.1.1.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/24/68 ms

R2#ping 3.3.3.3

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/92/164 ms


R3#sh ip route rip
     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 123.123.123.1, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       2.2.2.2 [120/2] via 123.123.123.2, 00:00:04, Serial0/0

R3#ping 1.1.1.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/42/136 ms

R3#ping 2.2.2.2

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/84/220 ms


Ketika split horizon berstatus enable di sisi R1, maka RIP Routing dari R2 tidak dapat diterima dengan baik pada R3 dan sebaliknya. Setelah split horizon didisable pada interface serial R1, kemudian RIP Route dapat diterima dengan baik di masing-masing router. Split horizon mencegah route yang dikirim ke router lain kembali dikirimkan ke router pengirimnya.

Split horizon tidak menjadi isu bila dikonfigurasikan pada sebuah interface (statusnya disable), namun ketika dikonfigurasikan pada subinterface, maka hal tersebut akan menjadi masalah seperti kasus lab di atas (statusnya enable).


Sumber: id-networkers

Next Lab >> Lab 15. RIP Summary Address

Previous Lab >> Lab 13. RIP Authentication

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